Xconomist of the Week: Bill Warner’s Rules for Angel Investing

of that design. Instead of focusing on the first product and the first market. That has often resulted in companies changing quite a bit from their first product to what they launch.”

Clearly it takes a certain kind of relationship, a lot of give and take between Warner and the founding team, to make this work. It’s not for everybody, and I suspect finding the right fit with a startup is more of an instinctive thing than an intellectual exercise. But when it works, look out.

A few more contrarian points from Warner:

On product-market fit: “Instead of looking for market fit on markets that exist, I like to focus on the intentions of the founders,” he says. For Warner, working with founders often turns into “a process of creating a market.” That’s different from a lot of other investors’ philosophies. “Most investments, it’s to prove that there is a market. For the most part, if an entrepreneur can prove there’s a market, I’m usually not interested. If they can prove it, a lot of other people can prove it. I like to work with entrepreneurs who are working on things that really are new.”

On getting traction with first products: “Usually the more traction there is, the more worried I am,” he says. “It’s like having a car that can only go straight, it can’t turn right or left. Those companies are better for other investors. So the things I do are different and unusual. I don’t look at products. Even when entrepreneurs have a product, I don’t look at it before I make an investment. For the kind of investment I do, the product is actually a false signal. How good the product is, is not [necessarily] representative of them.”

On assessing skill sets: “I tend not to be very focused on skill sets. I’m a believer that when people want to make something happen, they’ll learn what they need to learn to do it,” he says.

On how much time it takes him to invest: “I make the decision in one meeting,” he says. “That forces me to do it from my gut instinct.”

Author: Gregory T. Huang

Greg is a veteran journalist who has covered a wide range of science, technology, and business. As former editor in chief, he overaw daily news, features, and events across Xconomy's national network. Before joining Xconomy, he was a features editor at New Scientist magazine, where he edited and wrote articles on physics, technology, and neuroscience. Previously he was senior writer at Technology Review, where he reported on emerging technologies, R&D, and advances in computing, robotics, and applied physics. His writing has also appeared in Wired, Nature, and The Atlantic Monthly’s website. He was named a New York Times professional fellow in 2003. Greg is the co-author of Guanxi (Simon & Schuster, 2006), about Microsoft in China and the global competition for talent and technology. Before becoming a journalist, he did research at MIT’s Artificial Intelligence Lab. He has published 20 papers in scientific journals and conferences and spoken on innovation at Adobe, Amazon, eBay, Google, HP, Microsoft, Yahoo, and other organizations. He has a Master’s and Ph.D. in electrical engineering and computer science from MIT, and a B.S. in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.