Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=c4b51501-8816-4e28-bf8f-f984793cf0ff&Preview=1 Date 2/22/2013 Company Name Interventional Spine Mailing Address 13700 Alton Parkway Irvine, CA 92618 Company Description Interventional Spine designs, develops and markets patented implantable devices for the spine that can be deployed via percutaneous techniques. Website http://www.i-spineinc.com Transaction Type Debt Transaction Amount $1,798,157 Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes were … Continue reading “Interventional Spine Receives $1,798,157 New Financing Round”
Category: San Diego
San Diego Life Sciences Roundup: IPOs, ResMed, Ventrix, CovX, & More
Last week, there was only a trickle of life sciences news out of San Diego. This week the dam broke, and there’s a lot of news—including two IPO filings by San Diego biotechs. —San Diego’s Sophiris Bio, a startup developing a new drug treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), or enlarged prostate, plans to raise … Continue reading “San Diego Life Sciences Roundup: IPOs, ResMed, Ventrix, CovX, & More”
Innovations in Financial Technology: Wisdom of the Crowd
It is of particular interest to me when an established industry begins to innovate and move in new directions. Financial technology has been an active area of innovation all along, but the advent of social media and crowd sourcing has infused new life to the sector. Aside from crowdfunding, here at 1M/1M we are also … Continue reading “Innovations in Financial Technology: Wisdom of the Crowd”
BeneChill Receives $6,574,997 New Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=a29a52f0-1367-4a5e-86a8-262dc7d73610&Preview=1 Date 2/21/2013 Company Name BeneChill Mailing Address 10060 Carroll Canyon Rd San Diego, CA 92131 Company Description Benechill Corp. has been working towards reducing tissue damage in patients with cerebral ischemia by rapidly and non-invasively cooling targeted areas of the body. Website http://www.benechill.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $6,574,997 Transaction … Continue reading “BeneChill Receives $6,574,997 New Funding Round”
Facebook, Google Moguls Give $33M in Prizes to Biomedical Stars
[Updated 11:35 am with Zuckerberg comment] Some of the highest achievers in technology are giving away a lot of money to people who have made some of the biggest achievements in biotech. Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan, along with Google’s Sergey Brin and his wife Anne Wojcicki, announced today they have come … Continue reading “Facebook, Google Moguls Give $33M in Prizes to Biomedical Stars”
Lost My iPhone in Royal Danish Moat—Can You Beat That?
I don’t have too many firsts to my name. But I’m betting I’m the first to lose an iPhone 5 in the moat of Rosenborg Castle, the famous Danish royal family castle in the heart of Copenhagen. At least in 2013. It just happened today—luckily my laptop was back at the hotel. I am here … Continue reading “Lost My iPhone in Royal Danish Moat—Can You Beat That?”
Natera Joins Quest in Four-Way Battle for Prenatal Genetic Tests
[Corrected: 9:10 am PT] Parents have long wanted to know whether they are about to bring a child into the world with a chromosomal abnormality like Down syndrome. There’s never been a noninvasive, simple, and highly accurate way to make that call at an early stage of pregnancy. But after a flurry of innovation in … Continue reading “Natera Joins Quest in Four-Way Battle for Prenatal Genetic Tests”
Sanitas Gets FDA Clearance to Market ‘Wellaho’ for Chronically Ill
Sanitas, a San Diego health IT startup, said yesterday the FDA has cleared its secure Web and mobile platform for supporting outpatients who are chronically ill. The company submitted a premarket notification for Wellaho, its personalized outpatient management system, in late November. An FDA review agreed in January that Wellaho is a class II medical … Continue reading “Sanitas Gets FDA Clearance to Market ‘Wellaho’ for Chronically Ill”
The Academy Awards: Biopharma Edition
Academy Award season is upon us, with the Oscars being polished up in anticipation of the big night. Who knows which Hollywood heavyweights and newcomers will be recognized for their seminal contributions to this year’s films? Suppose, however, that there was a drug industry version of the awards. What kind of categories would there be, … Continue reading “The Academy Awards: Biopharma Edition”
Trends to Watch at This Year’s Big AGBT Meeting
Mainstream news stories often mistake technology for science. Such conflation likely reflects how gizmos and knowledge, like arteries and veins, form a virtuous cycle: understanding nature requires, and refines, good tools. In genomics, that symbiosis burns brightest at Advances in Genome Biology & Technology (AGBT), the yearly nucleic acid trip in Florida, where new sequencing … Continue reading “Trends to Watch at This Year’s Big AGBT Meeting”
FastPay Lands $10,000,000 New Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=32dbd667-a51e-40c9-ae7b-924aca652b99&Preview=1 Date 2/20/2013 Company Name FastPay Mailing Address 9300 Wilshire Beverly Hills, CA 90212 Company Description FastPay is a tech-enabled finance platform servicing the digital ecosystem. Formed by seasoned marketing, media and finance executives, FastPay tailors innovative funding solutions designed to meet your specific needs. FastPay is a no-nonsense approach to helping … Continue reading “FastPay Lands $10,000,000 New Funding Round”
Sophiris Bio Files $75M IPO, Plans Pivotal Trials of Prostate Drug
San Diego-based Sophiris Bio, which was founded in Vancouver B.C. and already trades on the Toronto Stock Exchange, intends to list its shares on the Nasdaq and raise almost $75 million through an IPO, according to a regulatory filing. The life sciences startup has been developing a new drug treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), … Continue reading “Sophiris Bio Files $75M IPO, Plans Pivotal Trials of Prostate Drug”
Crazy Enough to Change the World
Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma – which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of other’s opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow … Continue reading “Crazy Enough to Change the World”
The Reimbursed Personal Genome—-Five Years Away?
Genome sequencing will be a routine diagnostic test for patients at the new Institute for Precision Medicine in New York City, a joint project of the Weill Cornell Medical College and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital. Doctors will be searching for new genetic clues about disease by taking an unbiased survey along the genome, rather than scanning only … Continue reading “The Reimbursed Personal Genome—-Five Years Away?”
High Hanging Fruit
Let’s face it. There are tens of thousands of super smart, tech-savvy, funded teams out there chasing the next Massively Viral consumer Internet phenomenon. Think of it like an incredibly parallel search algorithm where every conceivable customer acquisition twist and hook is being explored with effectively infinite resources of fine young minds backed by the … Continue reading “High Hanging Fruit”
Biotech & Pharma Whining About Talent: That Makes Me Mad
Pharmaceutical and biotech companies axed something like 150,000 workers from 2009 through 2012. Now guess what? Those same companies are complaining, in a recent report from the consulting firm PwC, that they are unable to find enough qualified workers to fill key positions they need to grow. Sometimes, you come across a message in one of these … Continue reading “Biotech & Pharma Whining About Talent: That Makes Me Mad”
Building the San Diego Cybersecurity Cluster
The San Diego area has initiated a number of initiatives, such as the “Securing our eCity” awareness campaign and the Cyber Security Institute of San Diego. A surge in cyber attacks on U.S. data centers in recent years has exposed the vulnerability of our infrastructure and demonstrated the need to protect financial, e-commerce, and government … Continue reading “Building the San Diego Cybersecurity Cluster”
Lunch with Israeli Investor Yossi Vardi at Qualcomm
Investor Yossi Vardi, known as the godfather of Israeli high tech, is an entrepreneur and investor. He founded and helped build over 70 companies focused on innovations in software, energy, Internet, mobile, electro-optics, clean water technologies, and other fields. He has helped to inspire a generation of young Israelis, and made Israel an emerging hub … Continue reading “Lunch with Israeli Investor Yossi Vardi at Qualcomm”
San Diego Life Sciences Roundup: RQx Pharma, Elcelyx, Lux, & More
Not a heavy week for local life sciences news. Here’s a quick wrap. —San Diego’s RQx Pharmaceuticals said it signed a drug discovery partnership with Genentech, the Roche subsidiary based in South San Francisco, CA, that could result eventually in $111 million in milestone payments. RQx was founded two years ago with about $3.5 million … Continue reading “San Diego Life Sciences Roundup: RQx Pharma, Elcelyx, Lux, & More”
Prostate Cancer Drug Winners and Losers at ASCO GU
The latest clinical research in prostate cancer is being presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Genitorinary Cancers Symposium (ASCO GU) in Orlando, FL. Presentations started yesterday, and run through tomorrow, but here’s some quick commentary on three of the early “winners” and “losers” in the oral presentations. Winners San Francisco-based Medivation (NASDAQ: [[ticker:MDVN]]): … Continue reading “Prostate Cancer Drug Winners and Losers at ASCO GU”
Mailbox App Is Fun, But There’s Only One Real Fix for E-Mail
I have some difficult news to share. Your e-mail overload problem is here to stay. We’d all prefer to spend less time managing e-mail, and every so often a new app, service, or time-management system comes along promising to help. The latest one is called Mailbox, and it’s been generating a lot of buzz over … Continue reading “Mailbox App Is Fun, But There’s Only One Real Fix for E-Mail”
Corporate Compliance Programs: The Importance of Being Effective
Now more than ever, pharmaceutical companies must not only have an effective Corporate Compliance Program in place, but senior management and boards of directors at these companies must ensure that their Corporate Compliance departments evaluate the effectiveness of those Programs. The federal government has sent numerous signals of its intent to hold the highest levels … Continue reading “Corporate Compliance Programs: The Importance of Being Effective”
BaroNova Garners $27,300,000 Series C Financing
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=cb7a1df3-54fb-4ab6-9073-c3c1576adb6d&Preview=1 Date 2/15/2013 Company Name BaroNova Mailing Address 281 Magnolia Ave Goleta, CA 93117 Company Description A medical device company focusing on developing innovative nonsurgical, nonpharmacologic therapies for the treatment of obesity. Website http://www.baronova.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $27,300,000 Transaction Round Series C Proceeds Purposes Proceeds will be used to … Continue reading “BaroNova Garners $27,300,000 Series C Financing”
San Diego Opens CyberHive to Incubate Cybersecurity Startups
A cybersecurity initiative that began in San Diego several years ago has taken an interesting turn, with the formation of a new technology incubator for seed-stage companies developing new ways to defend computer networks, software, and data from malicious attacks. The incubator, called CyberHive San Diego, is modeled after a similar cybersecurity accelerator at bwtech@UMBC, … Continue reading “San Diego Opens CyberHive to Incubate Cybersecurity Startups”
Why Conveying a Clear Vision for Your Startup Is Important
Can you see the forest for the trees? If you can’t, and you’re an entrepreneur seeking out seed money for your business, it’s likely you won’t succeed. Recently, an investor friend of mine approached me and asked that I review a company slide deck for him. He said he was considering an investment in the … Continue reading “Why Conveying a Clear Vision for Your Startup Is Important”
Elcelyx Closes on $20M to Advance Appetite-Control Compounds
It’s Valentine’s Day, and San Diego’s Elcelyx Therapeutics is feeling the love. The startup, focused on obesity and diabetes, says today it has closed on $20 million in Series C financing led by the GSM Fund, a dedicated fund managed by former Eastbourne Capital Management portfolio manager Rick Barry. Existing investors Morgenthaler Ventures, Kleiner Perkins … Continue reading “Elcelyx Closes on $20M to Advance Appetite-Control Compounds”
The Holy Grail of Drug Development: Small Molecules with the Power of Biologics
FDA new drug approvals hit a 16-year high with 39 drugs approved in 2012; the highest number since 1996 when 53 drugs were approved. Of those, 18 or slightly less than half, were biologics up from 12 in 2011 but still surprisingly low when you consider an industry report citing that nearly 40 percent of … Continue reading “The Holy Grail of Drug Development: Small Molecules with the Power of Biologics”
Cylance Receives $15,000,000 New Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=72262bc0-c6c5-400b-b62f-54696c57c987&Preview=1 Date 2/14/2013 Company Name Cylance Mailing Address 46 Discovery Irvine, CA 92618 Company Description Prevent + Response = Presponse. We believe in a holistic approach to the security lifecycle combining advanced, pre-detection with elite services tailored to your needs. This is the future of practical security solutions. Website http://www.cylance.com Transaction Type … Continue reading “Cylance Receives $15,000,000 New Funding Round”
DriveCam Lands New Financing
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=cb195346-c173-4dcb-814c-866fb8f6355e&Preview=1 Date 2/14/2013 Company Name DriveCam Mailing Address 8911 Balboa Ave San Diego, CA 92123 Company Description DriveCam, Inc. is the leading provider of knowledge-based systems that identify and improve unsafe driving behavior for commercial fleets. Website http://www.drivecam.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount Undisclosed Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes … Continue reading “DriveCam Lands New Financing”
Elcelyx Therapeutics Obtains $20,000,000 Series C Financing Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=240ca595-0f04-4153-a596-eff1a1ed7680&Preview=1 Date 2/14/2013 Company Name Elcelyx Therapeutics Mailing Address 11995 El Camino Real San Diego, CA 92130 Company Description Elcelyx Therapeutics of San Diego is a stealth mode diabetes related biotechnology company. Website http://www.elcelyx.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $20,000,000 Transaction Round Series C Proceeds Purposes The Series C financing will … Continue reading “Elcelyx Therapeutics Obtains $20,000,000 Series C Financing Round”
Verve Raises $14M C Round From Qualcomm, Nokia, Blue Run Ventures
Verve Mobile, which provides a Web-based platform that enables its media customers to offer news and advertising to mobile users, says it has raised $14 million in a Series C round led by Nokia Growth Partners, a corporate venture fund of the Finnish wireless giant. Qualcomm Ventures, the corporate investing arm of San Diego-based Qualcomm … Continue reading “Verve Raises $14M C Round From Qualcomm, Nokia, Blue Run Ventures”
Sweden’s Volvo Makes Strategic Investment as DriveCam Goes Global
Volvo Group Venture Capital has made a strategic investment in San Diego-based DriveCam, which marked its fourth year of profitable operations in 2012 with more than $100 million in orders. The amount of Volvo’s investment was not disclosed in the statement today. Volvo Group Venture Capital is part of the Volvo Group, based in Göteborg, … Continue reading “Sweden’s Volvo Makes Strategic Investment as DriveCam Goes Global”
Small Businesses Aren’t Too Small to Go Mobile
Shifts in technology often occur first in large organizations and trickle their way down to small businesses years later. During the Internet boom of the mid-to-late 1990s, most small businesses avoided having a Web presence. In the early-to-mid 2000s, while these companies finally ventured into the Web, the overwhelming majority didn’t offer e-commerce solutions to … Continue reading “Small Businesses Aren’t Too Small to Go Mobile”
Verve Mobile Lands $14,000,000 Series C Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=719d2612-ad7d-4597-a529-33e637baeb10&Preview=1 Date 2/13/2013 Company Name Verve Mobile Mailing Address 1010 S. Coast Highway 101 Encinitas, CA 92024 Company Description Verve Mobile is the pioneering leader in location-based mobile advertising. Our customers are national brand advertisers who want to engage consumers on their mobile devices with location-aware, data-driven and highly targeted marketing. We … Continue reading “Verve Mobile Lands $14,000,000 Series C Funding Round”
reRUBBER Lands $6,200,000 New Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=4e4f715d-f92f-420d-b4bc-e00e7adcefdf&Preview=1 Date 2/13/2013 Company Name reRUBBER Mailing Address 315 S. Sultana Avenue Ontario, CA 91761 Company Description The company recycles rubber tires into rubber, steel and fiber products. Website http://www.rerubber.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $6,200,000 Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes were not disclosed. SEC regulatory filing. M&A Terms … Continue reading “reRUBBER Lands $6,200,000 New Round”
On Deck Capital Receives $42,000,000 Series D Financing Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=e6fe49ad-6d9c-4ad6-b478-fc1f1a004cde&Preview=1 Date 2/13/2013 Company Name On Deck Capital Mailing Address 13807 Ventura Blvd. Sherman Oaks, CA 91423 Company Description On Deck Capital was founded in 2006 to help businesses get small business loan financing when traditional bank loans are not an option. Our vision is to help small businesses get access to … Continue reading “On Deck Capital Receives $42,000,000 Series D Financing Round”
In VC ‘Hat Trick’ for San Diego’s Avalon, RQx Inks Genentech Deal
RQx Pharmaceuticals, founded in 2010 to commercialize a scientific breakthrough with the potential to create a new class antibiotics, has signed a drug discovery collaboration with Genentech, the Roche subsidiary based in South San Francisco. Genentech agreed to pay the San Diego startup an up-front payment, the amount of which was not disclosed, along with … Continue reading “In VC ‘Hat Trick’ for San Diego’s Avalon, RQx Inks Genentech Deal”
RightScale Garners $15,599,997 New Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=7d337e30-7050-4be8-b084-2c541c9c37e3&Preview=1 Date 2/12/2013 Company Name RightScale Mailing Address 402 E. Gutierrez Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101 Company Description RightScale, Inc. delivers the platform, tools and expertise that enable companies to create scalable web solutions on cloud computing services that are reliable, easy to manage, and cost less. Website http://www.rightscale.com Transaction Type Venture … Continue reading “RightScale Garners $15,599,997 New Round”
Poll: Which of These 10 New Drugs Is Priced Too High?
Drug pricing tends to drive people to extreme positions. Critics see the drug companies as evil, greedy bastards out to gouge grandma. Defenders say the industry improves patients’ lives, and merely charges what the free market will bear, and what it must to recoup its substantial R&D investments. Those positions have held firm for at … Continue reading “Poll: Which of These 10 New Drugs Is Priced Too High?”
WaveTec Vision Systems Obtains $2,000,000 New Financing
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=b23ac610-dc50-4221-870b-7fce879bed24&Preview=1 Date 2/11/2013 Company Name WaveTec Vision Systems Mailing Address 66 Argonaut Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 Company Description The company is developing a system to help optimize patient outcomes after intraocular lens replacement procedures. Website http://www.wavetecvision.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $2,000,000 Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes were not … Continue reading “WaveTec Vision Systems Obtains $2,000,000 New Financing”
Snapchat Receives $13,500,000 Series A Financing Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=21ba24f0-1ec1-4efc-ac12-ab4f5701908a&Preview=1 Date 2/11/2013 Company Name Snapchat Mailing Address Undisclosed Pacific Palisades, CA 90272 Company Description Snapchat is a new way to share photos with friends and family. We’re making social media fun again. And we’re totally mobile. Website http://www.snapchat.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $13,500,000 Transaction Round Series A Proceeds Purposes … Continue reading “Snapchat Receives $13,500,000 Series A Financing Round”
Groundhogs and Superstorms
Punxsutawney Phil didn’t see it coming, but this weekend’s New England blizzard is actually a triumph for modern weather forecasting. Specifically, it’s a triumph for numerical weather prediction models—the primary method used to forecast the weather one to two weeks in advance. These computer-generated simulations are run primarily by large governmental agencies. The National Center … Continue reading “Groundhogs and Superstorms”
I’m Returning My iPad Mini. These Pictures Show Why.
[Important! Author’s Note, June 6, 2014: The article below refers to the first-generation iPad mini, released in November 2012. The second-generation iPad mini, released in the fall of 2013, features a 2048 x 1536-pixel Retina display that fixes all of the display-related problems I perceived with the original. Related to this, I wrote a review of … Continue reading “I’m Returning My iPad Mini. These Pictures Show Why.”
RNA Therapeutics Are Coming of Age
RNA therapeutics are new, innovative high-impact medicines. The combined efforts of pioneering biotechnology companies, pharmaceutical and academic institutions have helped these treatments, which act on ribonucleic acids in the cell, to evolve and come of age. For those unfamiliar, these medicines are designed to target RNA and can ultimately affect many cellular components. They can … Continue reading “RNA Therapeutics Are Coming of Age”
SD Life Sciences Roundup: Sotera, Janssen, Tandem Diabetes, & More
I found some interesting nuggets of life sciences news from San Diego over the past week, and I have all the shiny details here. —San Diego’s Sotera Wireless, which won FDA approval last year for a mobile device and related technology for monitoring patient vital signs, said it has raised $14.8 million from Safeguard Scientifics … Continue reading “SD Life Sciences Roundup: Sotera, Janssen, Tandem Diabetes, & More”
Glaukos Obtains $30,000,000 Series F Funding
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=a92f7044-dcea-4369-9696-108169d57d64&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2013 Company Name Glaukos Mailing Address 26051 Merit Circle Laguna Hills, CA 92653 Company Description Glaukos is creating a new class of micro-bypass therapies to achieve sustainable, target intraocular pressures through the restoration of physiologic outflow, reduce the challenges and risks of glaucoma management associated with traditional therapies, and aid … Continue reading “Glaukos Obtains $30,000,000 Series F Funding”
Health Data Vision Obtains Series A Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=dbd9aad1-55e4-4b09-b5fc-6d6ddc93ece2&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2013 Company Name Health Data Vision Mailing Address 1405 N. San Fernando Blvd Burbank, CA 91504 Company Description Health Data Vision is first and foremost a platform company. In all our offerings and services, a superior, scalable and secure technology platform is the foundation for everything. Website http://www.healthdatavision.com Transaction Type … Continue reading “Health Data Vision Obtains Series A Funding Round”
San Diego’s Newest Venture Investors Put the Pieces Together
The San Diego Venture Group has asked Steve Hamerslag of TVC Capital, Afif Khoury of Scatter Ventures, and Jason Brown of Thomas McNerney & Partners to discuss their investment strategies, what kind of deals they’re looking for, and how they raised capital after the financial industry meltdown. More information and online registration is here.
Biocom CRO Forum: Selecting a Non-Traditional Form of Dosage
Modes of administration other than oral or intravenous injection are usually preferred when drug delivery is directed to a specific tissue, such as the skin or eye. Non-traditional routes to systemic delivery, such as pulmonary, transdermal, transmuscosal, also promise substantial benefits. But they entail special delivery challenges. Biocom has organized a panel of local experts … Continue reading “Biocom CRO Forum: Selecting a Non-Traditional Form of Dosage”
Advancements in Wireless Health
New technologies are collecting more data than ever before, including biometric data, genomic information, contextual data, environmental data, and community health information. Now the challenge lies in making sense of the flood of big data, using analytics and informatics to turn data into decisions. CommNexus has asked Don Jones, vice president of global strategy and … Continue reading “Advancements in Wireless Health”