Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=ad75d164-dba0-4614-acff-905ea0f4ca43&Preview=1 Date 2/9/2011 Company Name Gevo Mailing Address 345 Inverness Drive South Englewood, CO 80112 Company Description Gevo (NASDAQ: GEVO) is focused on a new generation of fuels and related products serving the transportation markets: cars, trucks, and airplanes. This new generation of fuels and products will deliver the performance, cost, and … Continue reading “Gevo Obtains $107,250,000 IPO Financing”
Gevo Garners $107,250,000 IPO Financing Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=ad75d164-dba0-4614-acff-905ea0f4ca43&Preview=1 Date 2/9/2011 Company Name Gevo Mailing Address 345 Inverness Drive South Englewood, CO 80112 Company Description Gevo (NASDAQ: GEVO) is focused on a new generation of fuels and related products serving the transportation markets: cars, trucks, and airplanes. This new generation of fuels and products will deliver the performance, cost, and … Continue reading “Gevo Garners $107,250,000 IPO Financing Round”
FSV Payment Systems Secures $6,000,000 New Financing
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=2a8ec1c8-10ed-4d2b-b118-07877a93cc8b&Preview=1 Date 2/9/2011 Company Name FSV Payment Systems Mailing Address 15710 JFK Blvd Houston, TX 77032 Company Description FSV Payment Systems is a leader in prepaid technology and stored value processing. With roots deep in paycards – one of the first significant applications in the prepaid industry outside of gift cards – … Continue reading “FSV Payment Systems Secures $6,000,000 New Financing”
Socialware Secures $3,000,000 New Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=d170bfbe-2e20-4a31-9dcc-76b838fae08e&Preview=1 Date 2/9/2011 Company Name Socialware Mailing Address 6500 River Place Blvd Building V Austin, TX 78730 Company Description Socialware bridges the gap between the enterprise and social networks to transform the way that companies and their employees engage, connect and communicate with clients, partners and one another. Our solutions allow companies … Continue reading “Socialware Secures $3,000,000 New Funding Round”
Harmonix Lays Off 12-15 Percent of Staff
Cambridge, MA-based music gaming firm Harmonix has laid off 12 to 15 percent of its full-time staff of about 240, according to a report in the gaming blog Joystiq. Harmonix, the developer of the Rock Band, Dance Central, and original Guitar Hero franchises, was sold by Viacom (NYSE: [[ticker:VIA]]) to private equity firm Columbus Nova … Continue reading “Harmonix Lays Off 12-15 Percent of Staff”
UW, Microsoft Get 2 Members of NAE
Microsoft Research and the University of Washington each have new members who have been elected to the National Academy of Engineering. Susan Dumais, who works on interfaces for improved information retrieval at Microsoft, was elected along with Hank Levy, the chairman of UW’s Computer Science and Engineering department. Levy, who has written two books and … Continue reading “UW, Microsoft Get 2 Members of NAE”
Remembering Ken Olsen (1926-2011): A Sense of Pride and a Sense of Humor
While we are remembering Ken, I couldn’t help sending this picture of a poster that appeared in my office one Monday morning about 30 years ago that illustrated Ken’s sense of humor that most people never saw (see photo at bottom of this post). This is something we shared, along with the concern about wanting … Continue reading “Remembering Ken Olsen (1926-2011): A Sense of Pride and a Sense of Humor”
RealNetworks Cuts 130 More Jobs
Seattle’s RealNetworks (Nasdaq: [[ticker:RNWK]]) said today that 130 more positions, representing about 10 percent of the company’s workforce, will be eliminated in the final step of a restructuring program that began last year. The cuts, which are projected to save the media software company $11 million per year, bring total layoffs at RealNetworks to nearly … Continue reading “RealNetworks Cuts 130 More Jobs”
San Diego’s Leading Ventures Takes on Commercialization of Bioengineering Breakthroughs
[Corrected 2/9/11, 2:15 pm. See below.] Their histories are so entwined, it’s hard to say which were sowed first—the seeds of San Diego’s Leading Ventures or those of InflammaGen, an early stage biotech founded to commercialize technology conceived by Geert Schmid-Schönbein, a professor of bioengineering at UC San Diego. Leading Ventures revealed last month that … Continue reading “San Diego’s Leading Ventures Takes on Commercialization of Bioengineering Breakthroughs”
LSDF Bets $600K on New Technologies
The Washington Life Sciences Discovery Fund said today it has given out four grants worth a combined $600,000. Jane Burns of Seattle Children’s Hospital, along with Maple Valley, WA-based Enertechnix, will use their grant money to work on an air sampling technology to spot lung infections, while University of Washington researcher Patrick Stayton will work … Continue reading “LSDF Bets $600K on New Technologies”
SeaGen Expects $280M Cash at Year End
Seattle Genetics (NASDAQ: [[ticker:SGEN]]), the developer of targeted cancer drugs, said today that it expects to finish this year with about $280 million of cash and investments in the bank, down slightly from the $295 million that it started with on New Year’s Day. The company said it expects to generate $40 to $45 million … Continue reading “SeaGen Expects $280M Cash at Year End”
Sophie’s Voice: Scaling the Personal Touch in Customer Service
WePay recently surveyed a handful of active users to find out how likely they are to recommend our service to their friends (WePay makes it easy to collect money online). Although we didn’t ask about it, roughly half of survey respondents surprised us by mentioning WePay’s customer service as one of the things they like. … Continue reading “Sophie’s Voice: Scaling the Personal Touch in Customer Service”
Computing in the Age of the $1,000 Genome: The Photo Gallery
[Updated: 3:35 pm] Thanks to everyone who joined us yesterday for the latest Xconomy Seattle event, “Computing in the Age of the $1,000 Genome.” We packed the room once again for a highly engaging conversation about the state of the art in genomics. We dug into both the technical and cultural barriers that need to … Continue reading “Computing in the Age of the $1,000 Genome: The Photo Gallery”
Ann Arbor redux: Becton Dickinson and Co. buys medtech startup Accuri Cytometers
Treja-vu! Becton, Dickinson and Company (NYSE:[[ticker:BDX]]) announced Monday it will acquire Accuri Cytometers in Ann Arbor, MI, for an undisclosed amount. Accuri, which makes devices that can count cells and chromosomes, is led by Jeff Williams and backed by Arborteum Ventures in Ann Arbor. If this trio sounds familiar, it should. HandyLabs, another Ann Arbor-bred … Continue reading “Ann Arbor redux: Becton Dickinson and Co. buys medtech startup Accuri Cytometers”
Secretive Biotech Arsanis Raises $9.6M
Arsanis, a mysterious biotech firm based in Lebanon, NH, has raised $9.6 million in equity financing, according to an SEC filing. Tillman Gerngross, the co-founder and CEO of the Lebanon-based antibody discovery firm Adimab, is listed as an executive and director of Arsanis. Arsanis’s board also includes some of Gerngross’s previous Adimab backers, among them … Continue reading “Secretive Biotech Arsanis Raises $9.6M”
Facebook Buys Sun Campus
In a news conference in Menlo Park, CA, covered by Forbes, TechCrunch, and other outlets, Facebook confirmed today that it has purchased the former Sun Microsystems campus on the Bayfront Expressway in Menlo Park. The social networking juggernaut plans to move its headquarters to the 11-building complex beginning this summer. To provide room for expansion, … Continue reading “Facebook Buys Sun Campus”
Financing Support for Clean Energy in the Post-Stimulus World
Latham & Watkins writes with news of the following event, a part of the firm’s Cleantech Breakfast Series: “The federal government’s stimulus programs for cleantech energy technologies, products and services provided through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2008 have been in place for almost two years. Federal funding in the form of contracts, … Continue reading “Financing Support for Clean Energy in the Post-Stimulus World”
Google Ventures in Dasient Round
Dasient, a Sunnyvale, CA-based maker of anti-malware software for companies that operate on the Web, announced Thursday that it has closed a Series A financing round led by Google Ventures. Also joining the round—the amount of which was not disclosed—were existing investors Benhamou Global Ventures, Floodgate Fund, and Radar Partners. Google Ventures partner Karim Faris has … Continue reading “Google Ventures in Dasient Round”
QCOM Chips in Verizon iPhone 4
In a detailed teardown of the new Verizon version of Apple’s iPhone 4, home repair website iFixit revealed yesterday that the device contains CDMA chips manufactured by San Diego-based Qualcomm (Nasdaq: [[ticker:QCOM]]). The device includes both a Qualcomm MDM6600—a “world mode” baseband chip that can support both CDMA and GSM cellular frequencies—and a Qualcomm PM8028 … Continue reading “QCOM Chips in Verizon iPhone 4”
$15M for Meraki
Meraki, a San Francisco startup that makes wireless access points and routers that owners can manage via cloud connections, said today that it has raised $15 million in new capital in a round led by Sequoia Capital. The series C round brings the company’s total venture financing to $40 million.
Startup America—Dead on Arrival
For its first few decades Silicon Valley was content flying under the radar of Washington politics. It wasn’t until Fairchild and Intel were almost bankrupted by Japanese semiconductor manufacturers in the early 1980’s that they formed Silicon Valley’s first lobbying group. Microsoft did not open a Washington office until 1995. Fast forward to today. The … Continue reading “Startup America—Dead on Arrival”
Basho Brings in Half of $7.5M Round
Cambridge, MA-based Basho Technologies, a provider of open source database software, has brought in roughly half of a $7.5 million funding round, according to a report today in Mass High Tech. The money comes from private equity firm Georgetown Partners, and Trifork AS, a Danish systems integrator that has also come on board as the … Continue reading “Basho Brings in Half of $7.5M Round”
Ken Olsen, Founder of Digital Equipment Corporation, Leaves Behind Route 128 Legacy
[Updated 5:15 pm. See below] Ken Olsen, the co-founder and former CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), died on Sunday. He was 84. The news was confirmed yesterday by Gordon College in Wenham, MA, where Olsen was a longtime trustee. There has been an outpouring of commentary about Olsen’s career and the impact of DEC … Continue reading “Ken Olsen, Founder of Digital Equipment Corporation, Leaves Behind Route 128 Legacy”
Animoto, with Boost from Amazon GPUs, Goes High-Definition
Animoto would have knocked my grandfather’s socks off. A freelance photographer, he spent countless evenings assembling his Ektachrome transparencies into multimedia slide shows—but back in the 1970s and 1980s, “multimedia” meant a pair of carousel slide projectors with a dissolve unit controlled by time codes embedded on a musical cassette tape. At Animoto’s site, by … Continue reading “Animoto, with Boost from Amazon GPUs, Goes High-Definition”
MindShift Rounds Up Orbit
Waltham, MA-headquartered IT and cloud services firm MindShift Technologies announced today that it has acquired Orbit Systems, a managed services provider based in Minnesota’s Twin Cities, for an undisclosed sum. Orbit Systems’ 54 employees will remain as a result of the acquisition, which helps MindShift expand its reach across North America, according to the announcement. This … Continue reading “MindShift Rounds Up Orbit”
$1.7M for Ecochlor
Ecochlor, an Acton, MA-based provider of chlorine dioxide systems for killing off invasive species and pathogens from the large quantities of ballast water ships carry from port to port, has raised $1.7 million in an equity funding round, according to an SEC filing. My colleague Erin Kutz reported that the company took in $681,543 in … Continue reading “$1.7M for Ecochlor”
Seduce Health: What A Google Guy and Health IT Exec Are Saying to Put the Spark Back into Your Health Life
[Updated and corrected. 02/08/11 at 12 pm ET] Stern lectures about taking your heart pill as prescribed, eating right, or exercising regularly—or else—can be a real turnoff. Some people simply tune out, perhaps while eating fried chicken sandwiches with extra pickles. But might there be a way to seduce people with medical advice, tailoring the … Continue reading “Seduce Health: What A Google Guy and Health IT Exec Are Saying to Put the Spark Back into Your Health Life”
Ernst & Young Says IPOs Continue to Gain Steam in 2011
The IPO pipeline, which slowed to a trickle in 2008 (when just six companies went public), rebounded significantly during the last three months of 2010, as 57 companies went public and 56 others registered for IPOs, according to a report from the Ernst & Young accounting firm. The rate of replenishment represents a healthy balance … Continue reading “Ernst & Young Says IPOs Continue to Gain Steam in 2011”
What’s With All the Mass Customization Startups in Boston? One Investor’s Opinion
The Boston-area technology scene is known for several mini-clusters: companies in mobile software, music software, robotics, online video, data storage, e-commerce, and Internet marketing, to name a few. But “mass customization” might be the most broadly interesting sector in town. The term refers to online companies that offer consumers personalized, custom-made goods—everything from clothing and … Continue reading “What’s With All the Mass Customization Startups in Boston? One Investor’s Opinion”
Arsanis Garners $9,600,002 New Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=529dd2a7-57e2-4a2a-978c-ef1bba32abc6&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name Arsanis Mailing Address 16 Cavendish Court Lebanon, NH 03766 Company Description The company operates in the biotechnology industry. Website Undisclosed Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $9,600,002 Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes were not disclosed. SEC regulatory filing. M&A Terms Venture Investor Undisclosed
Basho Technologies Secures $7,500,000 New Funding
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=9a9ea645-abfd-432e-bfcb-fb8c7aacc941&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name Basho Technologies Mailing Address 196 Broadway Cambridge, MA 02139 Company Description Basho produces Riak, a distributed datastore that combines high availability, easily-scalable capacity and throughput, and ease of use. Riak’s complete availability means that applications built using Riak remain both read- and write-available under almost any operational … Continue reading “Basho Technologies Secures $7,500,000 New Funding”
Datacastle Secures $2,000,000 New Funding
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=9ba07ff3-72d9-4053-b6e3-10d4476939b0&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name Datacastle Mailing Address 701 North 36th Street Seattle, WA 98103 Company Description Datacastle Corporation has a singular mission – to help organizations simply and cost effectively protect data against loss and laptop theft. We set out in 2005 to address the data protection challenges that expose organizations … Continue reading “Datacastle Secures $2,000,000 New Funding”
Becton, Dickinson Company Acquires Accuri Cytometers for Undisclosed Sum
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=02933bf3-8e63-4767-a81c-82562a44ca38&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name Accuri Cytometers Mailing Address 173 Parkland Plaza Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Company Description Accuri Cytometers Inc. is an Ann-Arbor based life sciences company developing revolutionary high performance cell analysis systems designed to bring the power of flow cytometry into the labs of life sciences researchers everywhere. Reflecting … Continue reading “Becton, Dickinson Company Acquires Accuri Cytometers for Undisclosed Sum”
SharesPost Secures $2,970,208 New Financing
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=05edf50a-a404-40a3-8bcd-2e862cbe68bc&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name SharesPost Mailing Address 1250 Bayhill Dr. San Bruno, CA 94066 Company Description The company operates an online service allowing for the purchase of private company stock. Website http://www.sharespost.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $2,970,208 Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes were not disclosed. Total amount … Continue reading “SharesPost Secures $2,970,208 New Financing”
Ventiva Receives $4,036,244 New Funding
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=ed79aa03-7b08-45d5-b094-3642052e8e1d&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name Ventiva Mailing Address 1505 Wyatt Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 Company Description Founded in 2008, Ventiva is a privately held company with strong financial backing from top-tier Silicon Valley venture capital firms. Ventiva has a world-class team with unique combination of expertise in thermal management, new product … Continue reading “Ventiva Receives $4,036,244 New Funding”
NXThera Lands $2,500,000 New Funding Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=b09d8c6f-f216-481b-a0f0-7c7ffa3ec752&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name NXThera Mailing Address 350 Sharon Park Drive Menlo Park, CA 94025 Company Description The company develops medical devices. Website Undisclosed Transaction Type Debt Transaction Amount $2,500,000 Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes were not disclosed. Amount included Convertible Promissory Notes and Warrants convertible into future class … Continue reading “NXThera Lands $2,500,000 New Funding Round”
GoMiso Obtains $1,956,499 New Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=a3c9017f-96d5-4936-8182-de01e9d6df3c&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name GoMiso Mailing Address 901 Mission St. San Francisco, CA 94103 Company Description Miso is a social TV platform that makes watching TV more fun. Website http://www.gomiso.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount $1,956,499 Transaction Round Undisclosed Proceeds Purposes Proceeds purposes were not disclosed. SEC regulatory filing. M&A … Continue reading “GoMiso Obtains $1,956,499 New Round”
GigOptix Acquires Endwave for $23,660,000
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=8a475b0a-0da9-43dc-9085-ffc1d96aa44b&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name Endwave Mailing Address 130 Baytech Drive San Jose, CA 95134 Company Description Endwave Corporation designs, manufactures, and markets RF modules that enable the transmission, reception and processing of high-frequency signals in telecommunications networks, defense electronics and homeland security systems. Website http://www.endwave.com Transaction Type M&A Transaction Amount $23,660,000 … Continue reading “GigOptix Acquires Endwave for $23,660,000”
NexGen Storage Garners Series A Round
Feed Type Link http://www.venturedeal.com/Search/SearchResultTransactionDetail.aspx?TransactionId=f89e58db-cea0-41c2-aec9-50c43111d289&Preview=1 Date 2/8/2011 Company Name NexGen Storage Mailing Address 361 Centennial Parkway Louisville, CO 80027 Company Description NexGen Storage delivers the industry’s first SAN solutions with configurable, deterministic performance and Quality of Service (QoS) for virtual server environments. Website http://www.nexgenstorage.com Transaction Type Venture Equity Transaction Amount Undisclosed Transaction Round Series A Proceeds … Continue reading “NexGen Storage Garners Series A Round”
MC3, With Six Spinout Companies, Navigates Challenging Terrain of Medical Device Incubators
Medical device incubators are like low-carb donuts. They sound like a good idea on paper, but no one has really been able to create a successful one. Scott Merz is certainly trying. Since 2000, MC3 in Ann Arbor, MI, the accelerator Merz co-founded and currently leads, has spun off six companies, all of them still … Continue reading “MC3, With Six Spinout Companies, Navigates Challenging Terrain of Medical Device Incubators”
Splunk Hires Former Microsoft Fellow, Opens R&D Center in Seattle
Four examples is enough for a bona fide trend. Joining its Bay Area neighbors Facebook, Salesforce.com, and Zynga, San Francisco-based Splunk plans to announce this week that it’s opening a satellite office in Seattle. To be led by former Microsoft engineer Brad Lovering, the office will be an R&D outpost for the fast-growing company, whose … Continue reading “Splunk Hires Former Microsoft Fellow, Opens R&D Center in Seattle”
The White House Smiles on Entrepreneurs, TripAdvisor Smiles on EveryTrail, Hearsay and ReadyForZero Debut, & More Bay Area BizTech News
Last week was just about the most hectic news week since Xconomy hung out its shingle in San Francisco last summer. —The White House, continuing on the innovation theme sounded by President Obama in his State of the Union address, unveiled a “Startup America” initiative highlighting dozens of programs around the country designed to improve … Continue reading “The White House Smiles on Entrepreneurs, TripAdvisor Smiles on EveryTrail, Hearsay and ReadyForZero Debut, & More Bay Area BizTech News”
Omnicom Buys Communispace to Connect with Consumers
[Updated 2/08/11 9:25 am. See below.] Omnicom Group (NYSE: [[ticker:OMC]]) announced today that its Diversified Agency Services business has bought Communispace, a Watertown, MA-based company that powers online communities that help marketers test ideas and gain consumer feedback. Financial terms of the deal were not disclosed in the press release, but Communispace CEO Diane Hessan … Continue reading “Omnicom Buys Communispace to Connect with Consumers”
Sidereel: Your Dial Tone for TV
It’s a great time to be a cord-cutter. Thanks to Internet companies like Amazon, Apple, Boxee, Google, Hulu, Netflix, and Roku, it’s getting easier every day to cancel your cable or satellite TV subscription without giving up on your favorite TV shows. There’s just one problem. If you do cut the cord—as I did two … Continue reading “Sidereel: Your Dial Tone for TV”
Violin Memory Tunes In to $35M
Violin Memory, a Mountain View, CA-based maker of Flash memory arrays for enterprise data centers, announced today that it has collected $35 million in Series B funding. Strategic investors Toshiba America Electronic Components and Juniper Networks led the round, which was joined by “other corporate partners, crossover investment funds, high net worth industry leaders and … Continue reading “Violin Memory Tunes In to $35M”
See You This Afternoon at “Computing in the Age of the $1,000 Genome”
What will your doctor be able to tell you when your entire genome can be sequenced in an afternoon for $1,000 or less? Who out there in the business world has a handle on how to make this data useful? Will it actually help our society improve health and wellness? I’m getting my game face … Continue reading “See You This Afternoon at “Computing in the Age of the $1,000 Genome””
EnterpriseDB Adds Another $6M
Bedford, MA-based EnterpriseDB, a provider of database management software that can run on cloud computing systems, has added another $6.1 million to its most recent equity- and rights-based based funding round, bringing the financing’s total to $13.6 million, accorded to an amended regulatory document. EnterpriseDB revealed it had raised the first $7.5 million of the … Continue reading “EnterpriseDB Adds Another $6M”
Cymer Sees Growth in Chip-Making, Northrop Grumman Combat Drone Takes First Flight, TurboTax Launches Mobile Tax-Filing App, & More San Diego BizTech News
The innovation economy took center stage last week in San Diego, where new innovations were announced in mobile apps, unmanned aircraft, and new technology platforms developed for smart grid operating systems. We’ve got it wrapped for you here. —Diego-based Cymer (NASDAQ: [[ticker:CYMI]]), which is considered a bellwether for the semiconductor industry, said during a fourth-quarter … Continue reading “Cymer Sees Growth in Chip-Making, Northrop Grumman Combat Drone Takes First Flight, TurboTax Launches Mobile Tax-Filing App, & More San Diego BizTech News”
XDx Forms Deal with LabCorp
XDx, the Brisbane, CA-based maker of molecular diagnostics, said today it has entered into a multi-year agreement with Laboratory Corporation of America (NYSE: [[ticker:LH]]). Under the deal, heart transplant patients eligible for XDx’s AlloMap test can get their blood drawn for testing at participating LabCorp sites around the U.S., and LabCorp will be the preferred … Continue reading “XDx Forms Deal with LabCorp”
Optimer Pockets $68M Upfront From Astellas For Rights to Antibiotic in Europe
San Diego-based Optimer Pharmaceuticals has found a partner to help market its most important drug candidate outside the U.S. Optimer (NASDAQ: [[ticker:OPTR]]) is announcing today it has struck a deal with Japan-based Astellas Pharma in which Astellas gets exclusive rights to market fidaxomicin in Europe, plus parts of the Middle East, Africa, and the Commonwealth … Continue reading “Optimer Pockets $68M Upfront From Astellas For Rights to Antibiotic in Europe”